Solusi Adb Devices Unknown Command

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Apr 24, 2025

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The Complete Guide to Fixing the "adb devices unknown command" Error

The dreaded "adb devices unknown command" error can be incredibly frustrating for Android developers and users alike. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the common causes of this problem and provide detailed solutions to get you back up and running.

What is ADB and why is this error happening?

ADB, or Android Debug Bridge, is a powerful command-line tool that lets you communicate with your Android device. It’s essential for tasks like installing apps, debugging code, and managing files. The "unknown command" error means your system can't find the adb command, preventing you from using these vital functions. This typically arises from issues with the Android SDK's installation or environment variables.

Common Causes and Solutions:

1. Incorrect or Incomplete SDK Installation:

• Problem: The most frequent culprit is an incomplete or incorrectly installed Android SDK. Perhaps you skipped a step, or something went wrong during the installation process.
• Solution: Completely uninstall any existing Android SDK installations. Then, download the latest version of the Android SDK from the official Android developer website (though I cannot provide a direct link here). Follow the installation instructions carefully, ensuring you install all necessary components. Pay close attention to steps involving environment variable setup.

2. Environment Variables Not Set:

• Problem: Even with a correctly installed SDK, the adb command won't work unless your system's environment variables are properly configured. This tells your system where to find the adb executable.
• Solution:
  • Windows: Search for "environment variables" in the Windows search bar. Add a new system variable named ANDROID_HOME and set its value to the path of your Android SDK installation directory (e.g., C:\Users\<YourUsername>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk). Then, edit the Path variable and add %ANDROID_HOME%\platform-tools and %ANDROID_HOME%\tools to the end, separating each entry with a semicolon (;).
  • macOS/Linux: Open your shell's configuration file (e.g., .bashrc, .zshrc). Add the following lines, replacing <path_to_sdk> with your actual SDK path:

export ANDROID_HOME=
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools:$ANDROID_HOME/tools

After making these changes, restart your terminal or computer for the changes to take effect.

3. Incorrect Path Variables:

• Problem: You might have set the environment variables, but there's a typo or an incorrect path. Double-check carefully!
• Solution: Verify the path you've entered for ANDROID_HOME matches the actual directory where your SDK is installed. Pay close attention to capitalization and backslashes/forward slashes. Try restarting your terminal after making any corrections.

4. Antivirus or Firewall Interference:

• Problem: Your antivirus software or firewall might be blocking ADB's access.
• Solution: Temporarily disable your antivirus and firewall. If this resolves the issue, add exceptions for ADB and related files within your security software settings.

5. Corrupted SDK Installation:

• Problem: Sometimes, the SDK installation itself might be corrupted, even if it appears to be complete.
• Solution: Try reinstalling the SDK again. Consider using a different download location or method if possible.

6. USB Driver Issues:

• Problem: Your computer may not have the correct USB drivers installed to communicate with your Android device.
• Solution: Install the correct USB drivers for your specific Android device model from the manufacturer's website.

Verification Steps:

After implementing any of these solutions, open your command prompt or terminal and type adb version. If you see the ADB version information, the problem is solved! If not, revisit the steps and carefully check for errors.

Remember to always restart your terminal or computer after making any changes to your environment variables. If you're still facing issues, providing additional details about your operating system, Android device, and the exact error messages you're seeing will help in troubleshooting further.